Chapter 5 touched on a lot of different topics. The 4 main points the chapter talked about were; Society and the Star in China, Class and Caste in India, Slavery: The Case of the Roman Empire, and Comparing Patriarchies. To break down the sections:
Society and the Star in China -
* Education and schooling was very important to the Chinese even after the Han dynasty.
* In China being wealthy was symbolized by having a lot of land.
* Social status was ranked Gentry, Peasants, and Merchants.
* Merchants were wealthier than peasants but their status was viewed as lower
Caste in India -
* The beginning of the classical area, society was divided into 4 classes known as varna
* The first 3 castes were regarded as pure Aryans and were called the "twice-born"
* Caste provided a substitute for the state as an integrative mechanism for Indian civilization, he also facilitated the exploitation of the poor by the wealthy and powerful.
* The social classes went like; Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras.
Slavery in the Roman Empire -
* Slavery played a huge role in the Mediterranean world, Athens specifically was home to 60,000 slaves (1/3 of the population)
* Roman slavery was not identified with a particular racial or ethnic group, Romans called their slaves "barbarians"
* In 73 BCE a slave gladiator named Spartacus led seventy other slaves in a bid for freedom, this lasted two years, eventually Italy was defeated but 6,000 rebel slaves were nailed to crosses along the Appian Way from Rome to Capua, where the revolt had begun.
Patriarchy in the Classical World -
* Men were regarded as superior to women, sons were more desirable to have than daughters.
* Public life was a male domain, women played a more of a role in domestic settings
* China = Confucianism which provided a philosophical basis for the subjugation of women
* When the Han dynasty collapse, nomadic people invaded northern China, the culture of nomadic people allowed more freedom for women.
Society and the Star in China -
* Education and schooling was very important to the Chinese even after the Han dynasty.
* In China being wealthy was symbolized by having a lot of land.
* Social status was ranked Gentry, Peasants, and Merchants.
* Merchants were wealthier than peasants but their status was viewed as lower
Caste in India -
* The beginning of the classical area, society was divided into 4 classes known as varna
* The first 3 castes were regarded as pure Aryans and were called the "twice-born"
* Caste provided a substitute for the state as an integrative mechanism for Indian civilization, he also facilitated the exploitation of the poor by the wealthy and powerful.
* The social classes went like; Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras.
Slavery in the Roman Empire -
* Slavery played a huge role in the Mediterranean world, Athens specifically was home to 60,000 slaves (1/3 of the population)
* Roman slavery was not identified with a particular racial or ethnic group, Romans called their slaves "barbarians"
* In 73 BCE a slave gladiator named Spartacus led seventy other slaves in a bid for freedom, this lasted two years, eventually Italy was defeated but 6,000 rebel slaves were nailed to crosses along the Appian Way from Rome to Capua, where the revolt had begun.
Patriarchy in the Classical World -
* Men were regarded as superior to women, sons were more desirable to have than daughters.
* Public life was a male domain, women played a more of a role in domestic settings
* China = Confucianism which provided a philosophical basis for the subjugation of women
* When the Han dynasty collapse, nomadic people invaded northern China, the culture of nomadic people allowed more freedom for women.
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